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Standard Berkeley MailNamed Mail (we just have to type mail on our system)
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| puts you into your system mailbox; actually a file called /usr/spool/mail/<login id> |
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| % mail -u <login id> | forces the system mailbox if something is saying otherwise (not on Alpha's) |
| % mail -f <file> | allows you to name another file to be used as the mailbox. if no filename is given it uses ~/mbox |
| % mail -v | shows the mail delivery path |
| - % mail -s "this is the subject line"
jplane jp10702 < this.file - % mail jplane jp10702 |
subject: this is the subject
line this is text before the file ______________________ ~r this.file (this.file included) Content of the file does not appear on the screen ______________________ this is text after the file |
Two types of commands
| 1) & commands | must be typed at the & prompt ( & is replaced with a ? on some machines - I will continue to use just the & for simplicity) |
| 2) <escape> commands | must be typed at the beginning of a line when you are typing a message to someone |
1) & prompt commands (or ? prompt commands):
Mail Commands
| q | quit, saving unresolved messages in mbox |
| x | exit(quit) without modifying the current mailbox |
| h <message number> | headers - print out active message headers |
| d <message list> | delete messages |
| s <message list> | file (save) append messages to file |
| u <message list> | undelete messages |
| r <message list> | reply to messages(to sender and recipients) |
| R <message list> | reply to messages(to sender only) |
| m <user list> | mail to specific users (m = mail) |
| !<command> | shell escape for one command |
| f <user id> | from - displays list of headers of messages received from the named user |
| ? | help - display a list of & level commands |
 | A <message list> consists of integers or ranges of integers separated by spaces. If omitted, Mail uses the last message typed. |
| A <user list> consists of user login ids separated by spaces. |
| ">" is the message pointer. It points to the "default" or "current" message |
2) <escape> commands
The following ~ escapes are defined:
| ~r | file Read a file into the message buffer |
| ~p | Print the message buffer |
| ~w | file Write message onto file. |
| ~q | terminate the current message (same as ^C^C) |
| ~? | Get a list of ~ commands |
| ~f [messages] | Read in messages |
| ~m [messages] | Read in messages, right shifted by a tab |
| ~v | Puts you into the visual editor of your choice editing the current message |
| ~h | header - Prompt for to list, subject and cc list |
| ~s subject | Set subject |
| ~~ | Quote a single tilde |
| ~! | command Invoke the shell |
| ~: | command Invode a & level mail command |
Set Up of the Mail System
(Customization of the Mail System) /usr/lib/Mail.rc on MIPS machines or /usr/share/lib/Mail.rc on the Alpha Machines ~/.mailrc set or unset command at the & prompt
| ask,asksub | tells the system to request the subject line if not already given |
| askcc | tells the system to request a CC: line before ending |
| dot | tells the system to accept a . (period) as the end of message |
| ignoreeof | tells the system not to accept ^D as end of message |
| hold | puts messages back into system mailbox rather than into ~/mbox after the message has been read |
| append | appends rather than prepends to ~/mbox |
| nosave | killed letter is not saved in dead.letter file |
| verbose | all delivery information will be displayed |
| autoprint | tells d to act as dp (delete and display next) |
| VISUAL=/usr/bin/vi | tells which editor should be used when you do a ~v |
| SHELL=/bin/csh | tells which shell should be used when you do a &! or ~! |
| escape=~ | tells which character should be used for the <escape> commands |
Alias
Also can be set in the ~/.mailrc or at the & prompt No set or unset command is used
alias tom tsmith@tove.cs.umd.edu
alias 107tas jp10702 jp10703
alias 113tas tim@umd5 fred@cs bob@penguin.cs.umd.edu
| & alias | Gives a list of all the aliases currently defined |
| & alias tom | Gives the "value" of the alias tom |
| & unalias tom | Removes the "value" of the alias tom |
System Wide Aliases /usr/lib/aliases
format is
| name : | userlist |
| MAILER-DAEMON : | postmaster |
| postmaster : | root |
# Aliases to handle mail to msgs and news
msgs: "|/usr/ucb/msgs -s"
rnews:"|/usr/local/uurec"
.forward file
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