It is recommended that the pages be followed in order, roughly keeping track with the progression of the course.

1. A short prequiz
2. Answers to the Prequiz
3. A quick overview of gates
   • AND, NAND, OR, NOR, XOR, NOT, BUFFER, and the Tri-State Buffer.
   • DeMorgan's Laws
4. An Interjection Upon Numbers
   • Power Series Expansions
   • Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal Numbers
   • Converting from Decimal to Other Bases
   • Fractions in Different Bases
5. Arithmetic Operations
   • Addition and Subtraction
   • Signs and Complements
6. An analysis of decoders
   • Building a decoder with AND and NOT gates
   • Building a decoder with NAND and NOT gates
   • Building a decoder with smaller decoders
7. An analysis of multiplexers (and encoders)
8. Adders:
   • Half Adders
   • Full Adders
   • Parallel Adders
9. A discussion involving registers (and counters)
   • Why we need registers
   • Parallel load, and why it matters
   • Shift registers and ripple counters
10. A field guide to RAMs and ROMs
11. Flip-flop Basics:
    • D flip-flops
    • JK flip-flops
    • T flip-flops
    • Triggering flip-flops
12. The Mathematical Core of the Modern CPU
13. Register Transfer Language: Definitions and Syntax
14. Traffic Between Subsystems, including the much-delayed discussion of tri-state buffers
15. Instruction Set Architectures
    • Stack Machines
    • Accumulator Machines
    • General Purpose Machines
16. Opcode Decoding
17. Postquiz
18. Answers to the Postquiz
19. About these pages
    • Overview
    • Other Sources
    • Copyright Information

---

These pages, and the title page, are all the property of the University of Maryland. For more information, see the copyright information.